Category: White Terror
Elaine Massacre of 1919 Memorialized in Arkansas Recalling Mass Killing of Black Families
1919 was a year of extreme racial violence in America. The “Red Summer” of that year saw what may have been the largest massacre of…
Ku Klux Soda Fountain in Pulaski Tenn. August, 1868
Pulaski, Tn. is usually considered the birthplace of the Ku Klux Klan. In the hottest days of 1868, as a campaign of White Terror was…
In May 1869 Republican Refugees Fled to Atlanta
Increasing violence in 1868 and 1869 led some white Republicans to flee the Southern countryside for the protection of Federal garrisons. This story recounts the…
Resource-After Slavery: Race, Labor, and Politics in the Low Country Carolinas
I recently learned about this free on-line resource After Slavery: Race, Labor, and Politics in the Low Country Carolinas. You can access it here. This…
The Memphis Massacre of 1866: A Race Riot Pits Immigrants Against Freed Slaves
John C. Creighton had emerged as an important figure in Irish American politics in Memphis in 1866. He was elected recorder for the city and…
Prelude to a Reconstruction Riot: Irish and Blacks in Memphis in 1866
Immigrants lived in much of the United States at the start of the Civil War, but their numbers were not evenly distributed. Roughly 90% of…
The Knights of the White Camellia: Louisiana’s Klan
May 22, 1867 is the traditional anniversary of the founding of the The Knights of the White Camellia by, among others, Confederate Colonel Alcibiades DeBlanc. While…
Free Version of The Encyclopedia of Race Riots Online
Here is a link to a free version of The Encyclopedia of Race Riots. It includes many entries on the Civil War Era, Reconstruction and…
Carl Schurz Warned That a “System of Terrorism” Was Taking Hold in the Post-War South in 1865
Carl Schurz arrived in South Carolina in the middle of July, 1865. He had been sent by new president Andrew Johnson to investigate the condition…
German General Carl Schurz Begins His Investigation of the Post-War South
Union General Carl Schurz began his inspection tour of the South just a month after the last Confederate forces surrendered. Schurz, a German refugee, embarked…
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