Posted in Immigrants White Terror

The Memphis Massacre of 1866: A Race Riot Pits Immigrants Against Freed Slaves

John C. Creighton had emerged as an important figure in Irish American politics in Memphis in 1866. He was elected recorder for the city and…

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Posted in African Americans Emancipation & Reconstruction Freedmen's Bureau Immigrants White Terror

Prelude to a Reconstruction Riot: Irish and Blacks in Memphis in 1866

Immigrants lived in much of the United States at the start of the Civil War, but their numbers were not evenly distributed. Roughly 90% of…

Continue Reading Prelude to a Reconstruction Riot: Irish and Blacks in Memphis in 1866